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Cambodian Millennium Development Goals

The Cambodian Millennium Development Goals (CMDGs) include 9 goals, 25 overall targets, and 106 specific targets.

CMDG 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
Overall target 1:    Halve, between 1993 and 2015, the proportion of people whose income is less than the national poverty line

  • Target 1.1:     Decreasing the proportion of people whose income is less than the national poverty line from 39% in 1993 to 19.5% in 2015
  • Target 1.2:     Increasing the share of poorest quintile in national consumption from 7.4% in 1993 to 11% in 2015
  • Target 1.3:     Decreasing the proportion of working children aged between 5-17 years old from 16.5% in 1999 to 8% in 2015

Overall target 2: Halve, between 1993 and 2015, the proportion of people who suffer from hunger

  • Target 1.4:     Decreasing the prevalence of underweight (weight for age <2 SD) children under-five years of age from 45.2% in 2000 to 22% in 2015
  • Target 1.5:     Decreasing the proportion of population below the food poverty line from 20% in 1993 to 10% in 2015
  • Target 1.6:     Decreasing the prevalence of stunted (height for age <2 SD) children under five years of age from 44.6% in 2000 to 22% in 2015
  • Target 1.7:     Decreasing the prevalence of wasted (weight for height <2 SD) children under five years of age from 15% in 2000 to 9% in 2015
  • Target 1.8:     Increasing the proportion of households using iodised salt from 14% in 2000 to 90% in 2015

CMDG 2: Achieve universal nine year basic education
Overall target 3:     Ensure all children complete primary schooling by 2010 and nine-year basic schooling by 2015

  • Target 2.1:     Improving net admission rate from 81% in 2001 to 100% in 2010
  • Target 2.2:     Improving net enrolment ratio in primary education from 87% in 2001 to 100% in 2010
  • Target 2.3:     Improving net enrolment ratio in lower-secondary education from 19% in 2001 to 100% in 2015
  • Target 2.4:     Reducing the proportion of 6-14 years old out of school from 35% in 1999 to 0% 2015
  • Target 2.5:     Increasing the survival rate from grade 1 to 5 from 58% in 2001 to 100% in 2010
  • Target 2.6:     Increasing the survival rate from grade 1 to 6 (last grade of primary cycle) from 51% in 2001 to 100% in 2010
  • Target 2.7:     Increasing the survival rate from grade 1 to 9 (last grade of basic cycle) from 33% in 2001 to 100% in 2015
  • Target 2.8:     Increasing the literacy rate of 15-24 years old from 82% in 1999 to 100% in 2015

Overall target 4:     Eliminate gender disparity in nine-year basic education by 2010

  • Target 2.9:     Improving the ratio of girls to boys in primary education from 87% in 2001 to 100% in 2010
  • Target 2.10:     Improving the ratio of girls to boys in lower-secondary education from 63% in 2001 to 100% in 2010

CMDG 3: Promote gender equality and women's empowerment
Overall target 5:     Reduce significantly gender disparities in upper secondary education and tertiary education

  • Target 3.1:     Improving the ratio of girls to boys in upper secondary education from 48% in 2001 to 100% in 2015
  • Target 3.2:     Improving the ratio of girls to boys in tertiary education from 38% in 2001 to 85% in 2015
  • Target 3.3:     Improving the ratio of literate females to males 15-24 years old from 87% in 1998 to 100% in 2010
  • Target 3.4:     Improving the ratio of literate females to males 25-44 years old from 78% in 1998 to 100% in 2010

Overall target 6:     Eliminate gender disparities in wage employment in all economic sectors

  • Target 3.5:     Increasing the female share in wage employment in agriculture (primary sector) from 35% in 1998 to 50% in 2005
  • Target 3.6:     Increasing female share in wage employment in industry (secondary sector) from 44% in 1998 to 50% in 2005
  • Target 3.7:     Increasing the female share in wage employment in services (tertiary sector) from 21% in 1998 to 50% in 2015

Overall target 7:     Eliminate gender disparities in public institutions

  • Target 3.8:     Increasing the proportion of seats held by women in the National Assembly from 12% in 2003 to 30% by 2015
  • Target 3.9:     Increasing the proportion of seats held by women in the Senate from 13% in 2003 to 30% by 2015
  • Target 3.10:     Increasing the proportion of female ministers from 8% in 2003 to 15% by 2015
  • Target 3.11:     Increasing the proportion of female secretaries of state from 6% in 2003 to 18% by 2015
  • Target 3.12:     Increasing the proportion of female under secretaries of state from 5% in 2003 to 20% by 2015
  • Target 3.13:     Increasing the proportion of female provincial governors from 0% in 2003 to 10% by 2015
  • Target 3.14:     Increasing the proportion of female deputy provincial governors from 1% in 2003 to 15% by 2015
  • Target 3.15:     Increasing the proportion of seats held by women in commune councils from 8% in 2003 to 25% by 2015

Overall target 8: Reduce significantly all forms of violence against women and children

  • Target 3.16:     Increasing the proportion of cases of domestic violence counselled by qualified personal to 100 by 2015
  • Target 3.17:     Increasing the population percentage aware that violence against women is wrongful behaviour and a criminal act to 100 by 2015
  • Target 3.18:     Developing and implementing laws against all forms of violence against women and children according to international     requirements and standards by 2005
  • Target 3.19:     Collecting annual statistics to monitor violence against women by 2005
  • Target 3.20:     Developing and Implementing a Prevention Plan by 2005

CMDG 4: Reduce child mortality
Overall target 9: Reduce the under-five mortality rate

  • Target 4.1:     Reducing the under-five mortality rate from 124 in 1998 to 65 per 1,000 live births by 2015
  • Target 4.2:     Reducing infant mortality rate from 95 in 1998 to 50 per 1,000 live births by 2015
  • Target 4.3:     Increasing the proportion of children under 1 year immunized against measles from 41.4% in 2000 to 90% by 2015
  • Target 4.4:     Increasing the proportion of children aged 6-59 months receiving Vitamin A capsules from 28% in 2000 to 90% by 2015
  • Target 4.5:     Increasing the proportion of children under 1 year immunized against DPT3 from 43% in 2000 to 90% by 2015
  • Target 4.6:     Increasing the proportion of infants exclusively breastfed up to 6 months of age from 11.4% in 2000 to 49% in 2015
  • Target 4.7:     Increasing the proportion of mothers who start breast-feeding newborn child within 1 hour of birth from 11% in 2000 to 62% in 2015

CMDG 5: Improve maternal health
Overall target 10: Reduce the maternal mortality ratio

  • Target 5.1:     Reducing the maternal mortality ratio from 437 in 1997 to 140 per 100,000 live births in 2015
  • Target 5.2:     Reducing the total fertility rate from 4 in 1998 to 3 in 2015
  • Target 5.3:     Increasing the proportion of births attended by skilled health personnel from 32% in 2000 to 80% in 2015
  • Target 5.4:     Increasing the proportion of married women using modern birth spacing methods from 18.5% in 2000 to 60% by 2015
  • Target 5.5:     Increasing the percentage of pregnant women with 2 or more ANC consultations from skilled health personnel from 30.5% in 2000 to 90% in 2015
  • Target 5.6:     Reducing the proportion of pregnant women with Iron Deficiency Anaemia from 66% in 2000 to 33% in 2015
  • Target 5.7:     Decreasing the proportion of women aged 15-49 with BMI<18.5Kg/Sq. meter from 21% in 2000 to 8% in 2015
  • Target 5.8:     Decreasing the proportion of women aged 15-49 with Iron Deficiency Anaemia from 58% in 2000 to 19% in 2015
  • Target 5.9:     Increasing the proportion of pregnant women who delivered by Caesarean Section from 0.8% in 2000 to 4% in 2015

CMDG 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases
Overall target 11: Decreasing the spread of HIV/AIDS

  • Target 6.1:     Reducing HIV prevalence rate among adults aged 15-49 from 2.6% in 2002 to 1.8% in 2015
  • Target 6.2:     Reducing the HIV prevalence rate among pregnant women aged 15-24 visiting ANC from 2.7% in 2002 to 1.5% in 2015
  • Target 6.3:     Increasing the condom use rate among commercial sex workers during last commercial sexual intercourse from 91% in 2002 to 98% in 2005
  • Target 6.4:     Increasing the percentage of young people aged 15-24 reporting the use of a condom during sexual intercourse with a non-regular sexual partner from 82% in 2002 to 95% in 2015
  • Target 6.5:     Increasing the proportion of condom use reported by married women who identified themselves at risk from 1% in 2000 to 10% in 2015
  • Target 6.6:     Increasing the percentage of HIV infected pregnant women attending ANC receiving a complete course of antiretroviral prophylaxis to reduce the risk of MTCT from 2.7% in 2002 to 50% in 2015
  • Target 6.7:     Increasing the percentage of people with advanced HIV infection receiving antiretroviral combination therapy from 3% in 2002 to 75% in 2015

Overall target 12: Decreasing the spread of malaria, DF and TB

  • Target 6.8:     Decreasing the malaria case fatality rate reported by public health sector from 0.4% in 2000 to 0.1% in 2015
  • Target 6.9:     Increasing the proportion of population a t high risk who slept under insecticide-treated bed nets during the previous night from 57% in 2002 to 98% in 2015
  • Target 6.10:     Decreasing the number of malaria cases treated in the public health sector per 1 000 population from 11.4 in 2000 to 4.0 in 2015
  • Target 6.11:     Increasing the proportion of public health facilities able to confirm malaria diagnosis according to national guidelines with 95% accuracy from 60% in 2002 to 95% in 2015
  • Target 6.12:     Decreasing the number of dengue cases treated in the public health sector per 1000 population from 1 in 2001 to 0.4 in 2015
  • Target 6.13:     Decreasing the dengue case fatality rate reported by public health facilities from 1.5% in 2003 to 0.3% in 2015
  • Target 6.14:     Decreasing the prevalence of smear-positive TB per 100 000 population from 428 in 1997 to 135 in 2015
  • Target 6.15:     Decreasing the TB deaths rate per 100 000 population from 90 in 1997 to 32 in 2015
  • Target 6.16:     Increasing the proportion of all estimated new smear-positive TB cases detected under DOTS from 57% in 2002 to more than 70% in 2010 and 2015
  • Target 6.17:     Maintaining the proportion of registered smear-positive TB cases successfully treated under DOTS above 85% through 2005

CMDG 7: Ensure environmental sustainability
Overall target 13: Integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies and programmes and reverse the loss of environmental resources

  • Target 7.1:     Maintaining forest coverage at the 2000 level of 60 % of total land area through 2015
  • Target 7.2:     Maintaining the surface of 23 protected areas at the 1993 level of 3.3 million ha through 2015
  • Target 7.3:     Maintaining the surface of 6 new forest-protected area at the present level of 1.35 million ha through 2015
  • Target 7.4:     Increasing the number of rangers in protected areas from 600 in 2001 to 1,200 by 2015
  • Target 7.5:     Maintaining the number of rangers in forest protected areas at the level of 500 through 2015
  • Target 7.6:     Increasing the proportion of fishing lots released to local communities from 56% in 1998 to 60% in 2015
  • Target 7.7:     Increasing the number of community-based fisheries from 264 in 2000 to 589 in 2015
  • Target 7.8:     Increasing the surface of fish sanctuaries from 264500 ha in 2000 to 580800 ha in 2015
  • Target 7.9:     Reducing the fuel wood dependency from 92% of households in 1993 to 52% in 2015
  • Overall target 14:    Halve by 2015 the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water
  • Target 7.10:     Increasing the proportion of rural population with access to safe water source from 24% in 1998 to 50% in 2015
  • Target 7.11:     Increasing the proportion of urban population with access to safe water source from 60% in 1998 to 80% in 2015

Overall target 15: Halve by 2015 the proportion of people without sustainable access to improved sanitation

  • Target 7.12:     Increasing the proportion of rural population with access to improved sanitation from 8.6% in 1996 to 30% in 2015
  • Target 7.13:     Increasing the proportion of urban population with access to improved sanitation from 49% in 1998 to 74% in 2015

Overall target 16: Increase the proportion of the population in both urban and rural areas with access to land security by 2015

  • Target 7.14:     Increase the percentage of land parcels having titles in both urban and rural areas from 15% in 2000 to 65% in 2015

CMDG 8: Forge a global partnership for development
Overall target 17: Develop further an open, rule-based, predictable, non-discriminatory trading and financial system

  • Indicator 8.1: Net ODA as percentage of DAC donors' GNI [targets of 0.7% in total and 0.15% for LDCs]
  • Indicator 8.2: Proportion of ODA to basic social services (basic education, primary health care, nutrition, safe water and sanitation)

Overall target 18: Address the Special Needs of the Least Developed Countries

  • Indicator 8.3: Proportion of ODA that is untied
  • Indicator 8.4: Proportion of ODA for environment in small island developing states
  • Indicator 8.5: Proportion of ODA for transport sector in land-locked countries
  • Indicator 8.6: Proportion of exports (by value and excluding arms) admitted free of duties and quotas
  • Indicator 8.7: Average tariffs and quotas on agricultural products and textiles and clothing

Overall target 19: Address the Special Needs of landlocked countries and small island developing states

  • Indicator 8.8: Domestic and export agricultural subsidies in OECD countries
  • Indicator 8.9: Proportion of ODA provided to help build trade capacity

Overall target 20: Deal comprehensively with the debt problems of developing countries through national and international measures in order to make debt sustainable in the long term

  • Indicator 8.10: Proportion of official bilateral HIPC debt cancelled
  • Indicator 8.11: Debt service as a percentage of exports of goods and services
  • Indicator 8.12: Proportion of ODA provided as debt relief
  • Indicator 8.13: Number of countries reaching HIPC decision and completion points

Overall target 21: In co-operation with developing countries, develop and implement strategies for decent and productive work for youth

  • Indicator 8.14: Unemployment rate of 15-24 year old
  • Overall target 22: In co-operation with pharmaceutical companies, provide access to affordable, essential drugs in developing countries
  • Indicator 8.15: Proportion of population with access to affordable essential drugs on a sustainable basis

Overall target 23: In co-operation with the private sector, make available the benefits of new technologies, especially information and communications

  • Indicator 8.16: Telephone lines per 1000 people
  • Indicator 8.17: Personal computers per 1000 people

Cambodia MDG9: De-mining, UXO and Victim Assistance3
Overall target 24: Moving towards zero impact from landmines and UXOs by 2012

  • Target 9.1:     Reduce the annual number of civilian casualties recorded to 0 by 2012
  • Target 9.2:     Clear completely all high/medium/low suspected contaminated areas by 2012

Overall target 25: Eliminate the negative humanitarian and socio-economic impacts of landmines and UXOs by 2025

  • Target 9.3:     Develop a comprehensive victim assistance framework by 2005 and fully implement it.
  • Target 9.4:     Increase the numbers of landmine/UXO victims receiving an assistance package and integrated into the society (to be set).

In 2005, the CMDGs were comprehensively incorporated into the new National Strategic Development Plan (NSDP) 2006-2010 as the framework for defining priority goals for 2010.  This was fed through into the specification of NSDP baseline and target indicators (NSDP Table 3.2 and Annex I:1, and the subsequent 2006  NSDP Monitoring Framework document).  

This target-setting exercise in the NSDP drew on detailed analysis in an October 2005 MoP document, Achieving the Cambodia Millennium Development Goals: 2005 update.  Summarising this analysis, the NSDP provided a convenient synopsis of progress towards the CMDG targets up to 2005:

Achievements Shortfalls
  • Significant improvements in poverty rates in urban and more accessible rural areas.
  • Expansion of primary education to more children.
  • Significant reduction in mortality rates for both infants and under-five year olds.
  • Improved immunization against major childhood diseases.
  • Improved breastfeeding rates.
  • Reduction of gender disparity in most areas especially in primary education, adult literacy, and wage employment in agriculture and industry.
  • Noteworthy reduction of communicable diseases, especially HIV/AIDS.
  • Improved urban access to safe water and rural access to improved sanitation.
  • High rural poverty rates.
  • Failure to increase net enrolments at higher levels and achieve high survival rates at all levels of education.
  • Limited progress in achieving the goals of universal nine-year basic education particularly those beyond primary education.
  • Gender disparity in secondary and tertiary education.
  • Persistent high levels of domestic violence against women.
  • Access to quality health services especially in case of women and maternal health.
  • Environmental degradation, especially forest depletion and water resources.
  • Persistence of high human casualties from landmines and UXOs.

     Source: NSDP (2006) Table 3.1

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